Markers of noun definiteness (usually referred to as "definite articles") agree Together with the noun they modify. You will discover a minimum of ten articles in Wolof, some of them indicating a singular noun, Other folks a plural noun.
Authors vary in whether they reveal vowel harmony in producing, and whether or not they write clitics as separate words.
The Latin orthography of Wolof in Senegal was set by govt decrees between 1971 and 1985. The language institute "Centre de linguistique appliquée de Dakar" (CLAD) is broadly acknowledged as an authority In regards to spelling procedures for Wolof.
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Such as, the verb dem implies "to go"; the temporal pronoun naa suggests "I already/undoubtedly", the temporal pronoun dinaa signifies "I'm before long / I will shortly / I is going to be soon"; the temporal pronoun damay suggests "I (am) consistently/usually".
The vowels of some suffixes or enclitics never harmonize with previous vowels. Usually adhering to vowels harmonize with them. That is certainly, they reset the harmony, as when they had been a separate term.
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In Urban Wolof, spoken in large towns like Dakar, the short article -bi is frequently applied to be a generic article when the particular article isn't recognized.
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There are no ?�ATR analogs of the substantial vowels i u. They trigger +ATR harmony in suffixes whenever they occur in the root, but in a very suffix, They could be transparent to vowel harmony.
A speaker may Categorical that an motion Definitely befell up to now by incorporating the suffix -(w)oon on the verb (inside of a sentence, the temporal pronoun remains to be Utilized in a conjugated form together with the previous marker):
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Wolof isn't going to mark pure gender as grammatical gender: there is one pronoun encompassing the English 'he', 'she', and 'it'.
?ࣹک�??? ا?ت? ک? خ??? دࣴ�??ت�?اࣵن�???? خࣹلَمْ�?ت�???ر? ??ا جࣴفْلَنْتࣹ ا?ک? ?????ࣹينْ�?ت�?تࣹ�??ک�??? ?ࣵلُ�??بࣷک�?
The primary syllable of terms is stressed; lengthy vowels are pronounced with far more time but are not quickly pressured, as They may be in English.
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From the consonants inside the chart over, p d c k do not arise in the intermediate or closing placement, getting replaced by file r s and zero, however geminate pp dd cc kk are frequent. Phonetic p c k do manifest ultimately, but only as allophones of b j g as a consequence of last devoicing. per cent in the inhabitants talk Wolof as a primary language, it's a disproportionate impact on account of its prevalence in Banjul, the Gambian capital, wherever 75 per cent of the populace utilize it as a first language.
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In Wolof, tenses like current tense, past tense, and foreseeable future tense are only of secondary relevance and Enjoy Practically no position. Of important worth is definitely the element of action from your speaker's perspective. By far the most very important difference is whether an motion is perfective (concluded) or imperfective (even now happening in the speaker's point of view), irrespective of whether the action alone normally takes area prior to now, existing, or foreseeable future.
Illustration: The verb dem means "to go" and cannot be adjusted; the temporal pronoun maa ngi implies "I/me, in this article and now"; the temporal pronoun dinaa implies "I'm before long / I'll before long / I will probably be quickly".}